The Mystery of Dark Energy and Some Revelations

Abstract

Observational data has lead us to believe that the Universe is undergoing an accelerated expansion. This acceleration can only be driven by a component which has a negative pressure, the cosmological constant or other exotic models such as the ‘dark energy’. Understanding the nature of dark energy is the focus of many current studies, and its origin being unknown, these studies are largely focused on model building and constraining its parameters. In this article, we discuss how the accelerated expansion of the Universe is driven by dark energy and how dark energy parameters are constrained by observations.