On integrally closed simple extensions of valuation rings

Abstract

Let v be a Krull valuation of a field with valuation ring . Let θ be a root of an irreducible trinomial belonging to . In this paper, we give necessary and sufficient conditions involving only for to be integrally closed. In the particular case when v is the p-adic valuation of the field of rational numbers, and , then it is shown that these conditions lead to the characterization of primes which divide the index of the subgroup in , where is the ring of algebraic integers of K. As an application, it is deduced that for any algebraic number field K and any quadratic field L not contained in K, we have if and only if the discriminants of K and L are coprime.